The emission or transmission of energy in the form of waves or particles via space or a medium is referred to as radiation. It is a natural and necessary aspect of our world, and we are exposed to it in numerous forms every day. Radiation, on the other hand, can be hazardous if not managed appropriately. We will explain some of the complicated topics surrounding radiation in this essay to help you understand what it is and how it might harm us.
Types of Radiation
There are various types of radiation, such as:
Ionizing radiation: This type of radiation has enough energy to separate firmly bound electrons from atoms, resulting in the formation of ions. It is further classified as particle radiation (alpha and beta particles, neutrons) and electromagnetic radiation. (gamma rays and X-rays).
Non-ionizing radiation has less energy than ionizing radiation and cannot ionize atoms. UV radiation, visible light, infrared radiation, and radio waves are among examples.
Radiation Factors
Radiation can arise from both natural and man-made sources. Cosmic radiation from the sun and stars, radiation from the earth’s crust, and radiation from our own bodies are all natural sources. (such as radioactive potassium in our bones). Medical operations that utilise radiation, nuclear power plants, and radioactive materials used in business and research are examples of artificial sources.
Radiation Effects
Radiation’s effects on living creatures are determined by the type of radiation, the amount of radiation received, and the period of exposure. Radiation is not dangerous in modest levels and can even be beneficial. (such as in cancer treatment). High doses of radiation, on the other hand, can produce acute radiation sickness and raise the risk of cancer and genetic abnormalities.
Radiation Measurement
Depending on the type and amount of radiation being detected, radiation is measured in different units. The most commonly used units are:
Sievert (Sv): This is a measurement of radiation’s biological effect on live tissue. It considers the type of radiation as well as the sensitivity of the tissue being exposed.
The amount of radioactive material present is measured in Becquerels (Bq). It is used to assess the radioactivity of a substance.
Gray (Gy): This is a unit of measurement for the amount of energy deposited in a particular mass of tissue by ionizing radiation. It is used to determine the likelihood of tissue injury.
Radiation Defense
We can utilize shielding (e.g., lead aprons for medical procedures), time (limited exposure period), and distance to protect ourselves from radiation. (keeping a safe distance from the source of radiation). as working with radioactive materials, it is also critical to observe safety rules and regulations, as well as to utilize protective equipment as appropriate.
